Neonatal TSH screening insensitive for iodine insufficiency

 

Measuring levels of neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) may not be sufficiently sensitive for inferring the extent of iodine deficiency in a given population, study results suggest. Despite pregnant women in Belgium being mildly iodine deficient, neonatal TSH values were unexpectedly low. Although neonatal TSH is useful to detect severe iodine deficiency it should not be recommended presently for the evaluation of iodine status in mildly iodine deficient regions.

The utilization of neonatal TSH is an attractive method because it is assumed that the thyroid of the new-born is very sensitive to iodine status and even mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy will cause an increase in neonatal TSH secretion. In addition, in countries where such a screening program exists, the utilization of neonatal TSH concentrations does not incur an extra cost. Indeed, the WHO proposes that neonatal TSH concentrations above 5 mU/L in less than 3% of the population indicate iodine sufficiency. Several studies have attempted to apply neonatal TSH values in determining population iodine status, with some successful and others providing conflicting or uncertain data.


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