Neonatal

  Introduction: Group B streptococcus (GBS) has been identified as one of the commonest causes of sepsis and meningitis in neonates leading to increased rates in neonatal morbidity and mortality among developed countries, while being correlated with resulting in preterm birth. At present, preventive antibiotic regimens are administered only to these pregnant women who have been identified as having risk factors to develop GBS infection or those with positive cultures for GBS, based on the updated guidelines (risk-based strategy). Methods: One of the goals of this research was to investigate if there is any correlation between GBS infection and preterm delivery, through looking thoroughly in the available GBS outcomes of the maternity unit that the study took place, as as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of current risk-based protocols compared to universal screening in the prevention of neonatal GBS disease. Results: GBS has been shown not to be an ...

Pregnancy is associated with significant change in the functions of normal pancreas, Liver and the cardiovascular system. Although the precise mechanisms underlying these various alterations are not clear in every case, their recognition is essential for a proper clinical evaluation of their enhanced functions during pregnancy. This study was therefore undertaken to determine blood glucose level and cardiovascular parameters in the three trimesters of pregnancy among women in Benin City, Nigeria, since there have not been such studies in this part of the world. This was a prospective cohort study, in which fifty blood samples were collected at each mid trimester of pregnancy. Controls were age-matched non-pregnant women. Blood glucose was determined using glucose oxidase kit. Data was analyzed using ANOVA, and p≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that glucose concentration was significantly higher in pregnant women than the control group, and it was hi...

  Parenteral diarrhea is non-infectious diarrhea associated with extra intestinal infections such as otitis media, pneumonia, or urinary tract infection (UTI). This condition was first described in the late 19th century and has been discussed in recent reviews, there is limited understanding of the pathophysiology of non-infectious diarrhea associated with extraintestinal infection, and controversy exists about whether parenteral diarrhea is a distinct clinical condition. In a retrospective cohort study of children presenting to a pediatric emergency department, non-infectious diarrhea was present in 18.6% of children who had culture-proven UTI.6 it is important to recognize the association between non-infectious diarrhea and urinary tract infections to avoid delayed diagnosis and treatment of associated urinary tract infections or misdiagnosis of infectious diarrhea. We hypothesized that an association exists between the presence of diarrhea and culture-proven UTI. The purpose...